A rack server is a functional server that conforms to the 19-inch industrial standard and adopts a centralized deployment mode in a cabinet. Common specifications include 1U (4.445 cm high), 2U, 4U, etc. It is mainly used in data centers and large enterprises for information services (such as IDC/ISP/ICP), aiming to optimize space utilization and reduce operation and maintenance costs. Its flat shape is similar to a switch and can be adapted to different needs based on the U value: 1U models have compact space but limited scalability, and are mostly used for fixed services; models above 4U support multiple processors, hot-swappable components, and GPU acceleration, and are suitable for high-load computing and AI inference [1] [4].
This server adopts a standardized cabinet installation design, with hardware configurations including multi-core processors, large-capacity storage expansion (24 slots to 28 hard drives in front), and high-speed network modules (such as OCP 3.0 interface), and supports redundant power supply and intelligent cooling systems (cavity-type air ducts, PID speed regulation technology) to address the cooling challenges of high-density deployment [2]. In terms of management, it integrates firmware-level monitoring tools such as BMC and FIST, enabling remote maintenance and dynamic load adjustment, and is suitable for enterprise-level applications such as virtualization and cloud computing [3] [5]. The cooling solutions include cold and hot aisle isolation, in-row cooling, and immersion liquid cooling technology, and require real-time monitoring of airflow and temperature distribution through sensors [1].